Male fertility is shaped by a combination of lifestyle choices, emotional stress and age‑related changes — all of which influence sperm quality and reproductive potential. At London Andrology, specialists emphasise that fertility is not fixed and can be affected throughout life by factors within and outside a man’s control.
Impact of lifestyle on fertility
Everyday habits play a significant role in reproductive health. Smoking, alcohol use and poor nutrition can each reduce sperm count, motility (movement), and even damage DNA within sperm cells. London Andrology highlights that tobacco use harms sperm health, while excessive alcohol consumption lowers testosterone and impairs sperm production. A nutrient‑rich diet and healthy lifestyle choices support better seminal parameters and overall reproductive function.
Maintaining a healthy body weight and embracing regular exercise are also key. Excess fat can increase estrogen levels and reduce sperm production, whereas being underweight may lower testosterone — both states negatively affect fertility. Minimising harmful substances and environmental toxins further helps preserve sperm quality.
Stress and hormonal balance
Chronic stress — a common factor in modern life — directly influences male reproductive health. London Andrology explains that prolonged stress elevates cortisol, disrupting hormone balance and reducing sperm count, motility, and morphology. Stress can also affect libido and sexual function, creating additional obstacles for couples trying to conceive. Effective stress management through relaxation, sleep and lifestyle adjustments is crucial to support reproductive well‑being.
Age‑related changes in fertility
While men continue to produce sperm throughout life, age still impacts fertility. After age 40, sperm quality — including motility and morphology — tends to decline, making natural conception more challenging and extending the time needed to achieve pregnancy. Older paternal age is also linked with increased chances of genetic abnormalities and reproductive delays. London Andrology underlines the importance of early awareness and proactive fertility planning for men considering fatherhood later in life.
