Male infertility affects approximately 1 in 7 couples in the UK, with male factors contributing to about one-third of these cases. At London Andrology, we are committed to providing comprehensive care for men facing fertility challenges. Here's an overview of male infertility, its causes, symptoms, and available treatments.
Causes of Male Infertility
Male infertility can result from various factors, often affecting sperm quality, quantity, or delivery. Common causes include:
- Low Sperm Count (Oligospermia): A reduced number of sperm in the ejaculate.
- Absence of Sperm (Azoospermia): No sperm present in the ejaculate, which may be due to blockages or non-production.
- Poor Sperm Motility: Sperm that do not move effectively, hindering their ability to reach and fertilize an egg.
- Abnormal Sperm Morphology: Irregularly shaped sperm that may struggle to penetrate the egg.
- Hormonal Imbalances: Disruptions in hormones like testosterone can impair sperm production.
- Infections: Conditions affecting the testicles, epididymis, or prostate can impact fertility.
- Genetic Factors: Inherited conditions may affect sperm development and function.
- Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, and exposure to environmental toxins can negatively influence sperm health.
Symptoms of Male Infertility
Infertility is often a silent condition with few obvious symptoms. However, some men may experience:
- Difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection.
- Pain or swelling in the testicular area.
- Decreased facial or body hair, indicating potential hormonal issues.
- Low sperm count or quality, identified through semen analysis.
If you or your partner have been trying to conceive for over a year without success, it's advisable to consult a specialist.
Treatment Options
Treatment for male infertility depends on the underlying cause and may include:
- Lifestyle Modifications: Improving diet, reducing alcohol intake, quitting smoking, managing stress, and avoiding excessive heat exposure can enhance sperm quality.
- Medical Therapies: Hormonal treatments may address imbalances affecting sperm production.
- Surgical Interventions: Procedures like varicocele repair or vasectomy reversal can correct physical issues impacting fertility.
- Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART):
- Intrauterine Insemination (IUI): Sperm is directly placed into the uterus during ovulation.
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF): Eggs and sperm are combined outside the body, and the resulting embryo is implanted into the uterus.
- Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): A single sperm is injected directly into an egg, often used in cases of severe male infertility.
At London Andrology, our team of specialists, including Professors Suks Minhas and Tet Yap, offer personalised treatment plans tailored to each individual's needs.
If you are experiencing fertility challenges, it's important to seek professional advice. Early intervention can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment. Contact London Andrology to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards understanding and addressing male infertility.
